ROLE OF NONI IN ASTHMA

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Asthma is primarily a disorder of the bronchial tubes, the airways that connect the windpipe (trachea) and the lungs. The bronchial tubes are surrounded by smooth muscle. The tubes themselves are lined with mucus glands and contain inflammatory immune-system cells called mast cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. When activated, these cells produce inflammatory mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes, which bind with receptors on cells within the bronchial tubes.

During as asthma attack, a cascade of events is launched that results in the production of histamine and leukotrienes. Leukotrienes are derived from the inflammatory arachidonic acid. These inflammatory mediators cause a host of changes in bronchial tissue: they trigger a dramatic increase in mucus secretion and a simultaneous rapid constriction of the bronchial smooth muscle, which narrows the bronchial tubes and reduces the amount of air that can pass through them. Over the course of the subsequent few hours, inflammatory cells move into the area, capillaries begin to leak fluid, and direct tissue damage occurs, triggering further inflammation and swelling. The net result is wheezing and coughing and eventual trapping of air in the alveoli (a tiny, thin-walled, capillary-rich sac in the lungs, or air sac) and smaller airways. This air trapping is most dangerous to the asthmatic because it progressively limits the amount of air that can be exchanged between the lungs and the blood stream, eventually causing rising carbon dioxide levels and falling oxygen levels. The increased muscular effort required to move air increases oxygen demand, tissue metabolism, and acid production, eventually resulting in exhaustion and, in extreme cases, respiratory collapse and arrest.

OXIDATIVE STRESS AND BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Higher levels of the antioxidants beta-carotene and vitamin C, along with the antioxidant trace minerals, were associated with a lower risk of asthma. The idea behind nutritional supplementation is to disrupt this inflammatory cascade whenever possible.

For example, omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to inhibit the production of arachidonic acid, which reduces the concentration of inflammatory leukotrienes . Other phytonutrients and flavonoids glycosides interfere with other causative factors in the inflammatory cascade, such as inhibiting nuclear factor kappa beta and an enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to leukotriene B4.

Scientists are also beginning to better understand the interaction between allergies, asthma, and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress occurs when highly reactive molecules, known as free radicals, interact with molecules within the body, especially DNA and mitochondrial membranes.

Experimental evidence suggests that some pollutants, such as vehicle exhaust, may produce oxidative stress in the bronchial tubes. Studies suggest that natural dietary supplementation with all nutrients and phyto nutrients like cysteine and alpha-lipoic acid, bio flavonoids , glycosides etc can enhance the pulmonary defenses, thus countering oxidative stress.
Antioxidants (vitamins C, E, and A). A number of studies have suggested that consuming antioxidants such as vitamins C, E, beta-carotene, flavonoids, selenium, and other nutrients reduces the risk of bronchoconstriction associated with asthma.
For instance, studies have shown that vitamin C and possibly vitamin E supplementation can alleviate the severity of asthma symptoms. Dietary supplementation with vitamin C and vitamin A has also been associated with reduced susceptibility to asthma attacks. Other studies have demonstrated that vitamin C or E supplementation may be a valuable addition to the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis (otherwise known as hay fever) and asthma.

Dietary supplementation of vitamin C has also been found to help a specific form of asthma called exercise-induced asthma (EIA). People with EIA are usually symptom free when not exercising. Studies have found that 1 or 2 g vitamin C daily diminished episodes of EIA.
Flavonoids. Flavonoids have antioxidant properties and have been associated with improved lung function. One study demonstrated that a high dietary intake of the flavonoids was associated with a lower prevalence of asthma.

ROLE OF NONI IN BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Noni acts as an effective and powerful anti-oxidant. It contains all the vitamins and minerals – Vita A, C, E, B1, B2, B6, B12, beta-carotene, Niacin, Biotin, Pantothenic Acid (B5), Folic Acid. Noni is rich with bio flavonoids, flavone glycosides, linoleic acid, Alizarin, amino acids, acubin, L-asperuloside, caproic acid, caprylic acid, ursolic acid, rutin, and proxeronine.
A research group has successfully identified several new flavonol glycosides, an iridoid glycoside from the Noni leaves, a trisacharide fatty acid ester, rutin, and an asperulosidic acid from the fruit. Besides that Noni contains more than 150 other essential phytonutrients that are highly required for our body

Therefore Noni may help to reduce the risk of bronco constriction associated with asthma. Anti oxidant property of Noni helps to reduce the oxidative stress and neutralizes the damaging effect of free radicals.

Hence a long term use of Noni helps for the asthmatic patients a lot.

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ROLE OF NONI IN ANXIETY NEUROSIS

Anxiety disorders are illnesses that cause people to experience exaggerated fright and apprehension in response to external or internal stimuli. These conditions are often related to the biological and psychological makeup of the individual and may be familial in nature. If untreated, these illnesses can significantly reduce productivity and impair a person’s ability to function in daily life. Anxiety can occur independently or in conjunction with other psychiatric or medical conditions, such as depression, phobias, chronic fatigue, cardiac disease, or respiratory compromise. Moreover, chronic anxiety is associated with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality from cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, cardiac ischemia, and arrhythmias, and it predisposes people to a range of other disorders. Typically, anxiety disorders are treated with an array of psychoactive medications that alter or increase levels of neurotransmitters. Unfortunately, these medications also carry sometimes significant side effects, including the risk of dependency. A number of nutrients have been identified that act along pathways similar to those of prescription medications or have a general antianxiety effect.
Role of Noni
Anxiety, Homocysteine, and B Vitamins:
Various studies have conclusively linked decreased folate and elevated homocysteine to depressive disorders. However, little is known about the connection between elevated homocysteine and anxiety disorders. In recent years, a number of research teams around the world have conducted preliminary studies examining the possible role of elevated homocysteine in anxiety. The results have been intriguing.
In one study, for instance, 23 patients with Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were evaluated for folate and homocysteine levels, and their levels were compared with those of healthy control participants. Researchers found that folate levels were significantly lower in OCD patients than in controls and homocysteine levels were higher. Furthermore, the more severe the OCD, the more severe the folate deficiency. In light of this research, it may be prudent for people with anxiety disorders to also measure and supplement with folic acid and B vitamins to lower homocysteine, especially if they are also depressed. Noni contain rich quantity of folate and Vitamin B in a natural form. Hence supplementation of Noni in case of anxiety or OCD is better mode of treatment.

Amino acids. Amino acids, particularly neurotransmitter precursors, are essential to normal brain function. The ability of L-tryptophan and L-tyrosine to produce serotonin and norepinephrine varies directly with plasma concentrations of L-tryptophan and L-tyrosine and inversely with plasma concentrations of other large neutral amino acids. Depletion of serotonin and its precursor L-tryptophan increases symptoms of anxiety, particularly panic disorder. Noni helps naturally to elevate the secretion of serotonin in the brain. NONI juice contains 17 amino acids including all essential amino acids with those L-tryptophan and L-tyrosine too. Hence Noni will help a lot in case of the anxiety neurosis as it enhances the serotonin level in body.

Melatonin. Melatonin, a hormone made from serotonin, has neuroprotective and antioxidant properties, detoxifies free radicals, and stimulates antioxidative enzymes. Some research has shown that people with panic disorders have abnormal melatonin patterns. Noni helps to secret more melatonin from the pineal gland of our body.

Thus Noni may help in case of anxiety neurosis by stimulating more serotonin level in the blood.



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Noni the best Anti Agent

ROLE OF NONI IN ANTI AGING
As the age increasing, one notices the skin losing its glow and becoming dry and rough. This is due to decrease in the moisture content of the stratum corneum or to a decrease in the moisture content of the stratum corneum or to a decrease in vertical height of epidermal cells.
Decrease in the number of Langerhans cells decreases the skins immune response. The reduction of Melanin and decreased immunity, increases the risk for tumorigenesis.

In elderly persons the dermis has a decreased density with fewer cells and blood vessels. The total amount of collagen decreases one percent per year in adulthood. Therefore the skin thickness decreases linearly with age after 20. the remaining collagen fibres become thicker, less soluble and more resistant to digestion by collagenase with age. Noni presents this.

The rate of nail growth also decreases with aging. Nail plates usually become thinner, more brittle and fragile. Hair graying occurs due to loss of functional melanocytes. Of course heredity also plays an important role in hair graying. A decrease in the number of hair follicles in the scalp increases baldness.

Collagen is one of the compounds of connective tissue which occurs not only within the dermis layer of the skin but also found in every organ and structure of human body. Connective tissue is composed of collagen fibres, elastic and the extracellular matrix but the amount and conformation of collagen is different in any given tissue.
Although flexible, collagen fibres offer a great resistance to any pulling force. Collagen fibres are fairly simple proteins and are made up of chains of amino acids. Amino acids are delivered from circulation to the cell called fibrocytes that manufacture collagen. The three important nutrients of collagen namely glycine, hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine are naturally present in Noni. Very rarely any other animal protein contains all the three of these nutrients.

With aging this collagen simply becomes metabolically inert. It loses its responsiveness, flexibility, fluidity, and strength. In the skin, the change in the quality of our collagen manifest as a loss of smoothness, plumpness, and luster. These changes are modifiable and largely preventable. Noni when used both internally and externally promotes the maintenance of healthy skin. The skin apart from protection also helps to absorb nutrients.

Noni because of its amphoteric nature that is the presence of fatty acid like linoleic acid as well as water, when applied externally aids healing of rashes, inflammation prickly heat, rosacens, or other allergic manifestations. These symptoms and allergy may be due to the release of histamine. Noni resists the release of histamine and protects the skin against allergies.

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