ROLE OF NONI IN ANEMIA
Anemia is a common blood disorder characterized by a decrease in the amount of red blood cells, or a decrease in the capacity of red blood cells to transport oxygen. This results in a lack of oxygen reaching the body’s cells and tissues. Referred to as the “hidden hunger” by the World Health Organization, anemia poses significant health risks worldwide. Women are about twice as likely to be anemic as men. This is especially true of premenopausal women; between 4 percent and 8 percent of premenopausal women have iron deficiency anemia.
Anemia is associated with poor health outcomes. Anemia is associated with the following
symptoms:
• Weakness and fatigue
• Irritability
• Shortness of breath
• Headaches
• Sore tongue and bleeding gums
• Pallor
• Nausea and loss of appetite
• Faintness and dizziness
• Confusion and dementia
• Increased heart rate
• Heart failure (in severe cases)
Depending on its cause, anemia is generally classified in three ways: excessive bleeding, decreased red blood cell production, or increased red blood cell destruction.
Excessive bleeding
This form of anemia occurs when someone loses too much blood, either because of an injury (acute anemia) or a chronic disease. When the body loses a large amount of blood, the body reacts by pulling water from surrounding tissues into blood vessels to maintain a healthy blood pressure. This dilutes the blood, lowering the proportion of red blood cells.
Excessive bleeding can result in very serious anemia, depending on the nature of the injury. However, anemia related to chronic conditions, such as recurrent nosebleeds or ulcers in the stomach, develops more slowly and may not be as obvious. This type of anemia sometimes occurs as a result of cancer, especially colon cancer.
Chronic blood loss can cause a deficiency in iron. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia. It results in decreased red blood cell production.
Because it can take several months to deplete the body’s supply of iron, it might take a long time for symptoms to develop. In women, this condition is frequently related to excessively heavy menstrual bleeding; in men, it is often related to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Decreased red blood cell production
Red blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow. This process relies on various nutrients, including iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid, as well as smaller amounts of vitamin C, riboflavin, and copper. Also, the production of red blood cells is stimulated by a hormone called erythropoietin. Deficiencies in any of these nutrients or in erythropoietin can result in anemia. Besides iron deficiency anemia caused by bleeding, other forms of anemia include:
• Pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency)— Vitamin B12 deficiency is rarely related to a dietary deficiency. Rather, vitamin B12 relies on intrinsic factor, a protein generated by cells in the stomach, to be bound to vitamin B12 and then absorbed in the ileum, the last segment of the small intestine. People who lack intrinsic factor cannot use the available vitamin B12, meaning that anemia can develop even if large amounts of vitamin B12 are consumed. Besides a lack of intrinsic factor, pernicious anemia can be caused by Crohn's disease, stomach surgery, or a strict vegetarian diet.
• Folic acid deficiency anemia—folic acid deficiency is more common than pernicious anemia. Folate deficiency is found in malnourished individuals (especially alcoholics), infants who are fed only cows’ milk, pregnant women, and adults over age 60. It can also be caused by diseases that affect absorption in the small intestine, including Crohn's disease.
• Anemia of chronic disease—Anemia is associated with various chronic diseases and conditions, including infections, inflammatory diseases, and cancers, HIV/AIDS.
• Additionally, aplastic anemia is a rare form of anemia that occurs when bone marrow fails to produce all three types of blood cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Causes of aplastic anemia include autoimmune diseases, viruses, or chemicals. Symptoms include frequent infections (white blood cells are reduced), fatigue (red blood cells are reduced), and bleeding (platelets are reduced).
Increased red blood cell destruction
If the rate of red blood destruction is more rapid than the creation of new red blood cells, hemolytic anemia occurs. Hemolytic anemia can result from infection, certain drugs, autoimmune disorders in which the body attacks and destroys its own red blood cells, and inherited disorders such as sickle cell anemia or thalassemia.
Additionally, an enlarged spleen can result in anemia. The spleen is responsible for destroying old red blood cells; an enlarged spleen can increase the rate of red blood cell destruction beyond the body’s ability to manufacture new red blood cells.
Role of Noni
• In iron deficiency anemia Noni may help to provide the iron, folic acid in natural form.
• Symptoms of folic acid deficiency may include diarrhea and other gastrointestinal problems. Because supplementation with folic acid can mask a vitamin B12 deficiency, folic acid and vitamin B12 should be taken together. Noni contain folate and Vitamin B 12 including all the vitamins. Thus help in case of anemia. In pernicious anemia, the body lacks intrinsic factor, which is needed to carry vitamin B12 from the digestive tract into the bloodstream. This condition often affects the gastrointestinal tract and the nervous system, with symptoms that range from weakness to vertigo to angina. Noni may enhance the intrinsic factor in blood and thus help in pernicious anemia
• Trace minerals can be an adjunctive nutritional therapy to reduce the effect of anemia on normal red blood cell function. Copper, zinc, and selenium are used in biochemical processes such as cellular utilization of oxygen, DNA and RNA reproduction, maintenance of cell membrane integrity, and sequestration of free radicals. Noni contain all essential trace minerals and thus helps in anemia
• It has been found that a regular use of Noni enhances the Hb% in blood. As Noni contain all the macro and micro nutrients thus help a lot in case of anemia
• Noni also helps therapeutically the condition of cancer and AIDS which are one of the cause of anemia.
• There are many autoimmune diseases that develop anemia. Noni is a powerful immunomodulator and thus help in various autoimmune diseases and helps in case of anemia too
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